Employment- Centered Skill Development and Social Policy in Urban India: Policy and Institutional Change

Abstract: To the fulfilment of needs of growing Indian population, so many skill development policies and programmes has been established by the Government of India for the purpose of development of employments and providing livelihood opportunities for the urban poor people in which includes, National Urban Livelihood Mission, National Skill Development Mission, Skill India, National Policy for Skill Development and Entrepreneurship, Pradhan Mantri Kasushal Vikas Yojana, Swaena Jayanti Shahari Rozgar Yojana etc. It is very true that most of the India lives in the villages but at the beginning of 21st Century most of the urban population contributes more in popular sectors, it indicates that India also lives in cities. Till the beginning of 20th century the target of five year plans was limited to rural India but in the last few years, due to the increasing crowds in cities, the generation of new employment opportunities in urban sector has become the main concern in front of policy makers. The main objective of this paper is to determine the effect of skill development on employment generation. Employment centered skill training process of India has been Centre oriented and it is built on the basis of top-down model.